Virtual variable applications
With over 160 Echoview operators, half of them multi-threaded for faster processing on multi-core computers, virtual variables enable you to apply advanced data analysis techniques to echogram data. Echoview demonstration mode allows the use of all operators but restricts the export of data. The full use of operators is managed under the Echoview module licensing system.
See the Quick-find table for operators, including time series, interval analysis time series, and exporters.
Powerful general operators
| Operator | Data type | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boolean, bitmap and mask operators | Acoustic data types |
And, Or, Not operators. |
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| Code | Acoustic data types |
Allows you to apply a Python® script from a *.py file to specified operands to output an acoustic variable. See also Code examples. |
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| Code - Time series | Acoustic and time series data types |
Allows you to apply a Python® script from a *.py file to an acoustic operand and any additional time series operands to output a virtual time series variable. See also Using the Code* operators. |
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| Formula | Acoustic data types |
Mathematical editor to create equations on a per sample basis. Takes multiple operands. |
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| Data generator | Acoustic data types |
Create data pings with a specified value. |
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| Resample by distance interval | Limited acoustic data types |
Resample by fixed distance interval. |
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| Resample by number of pings | Limited acoustic data types |
Resample by number of pings. |
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| Resample by time interval | Limited acoustic data types |
Resample by a fixed time interval. |
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| Resample multibeam pings | Multibeam |
Resample by a fixed number of beams and data points. |
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| Ping subset | Acoustic data types |
Creates variable with a subset of pings from the operand. Good for decreasing calculation times and looking at specific features. |
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| Processed data | Acoustic data types |
Applies the line and bad data exclusion settings specified on the Analysis page of the Variable Properties dialog for its input variable, changing excluded data points to "no data" values. |
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| Transect subset | Acoustic data types |
Creates variable with a subset of pings from the operand and transect. Good for decreasing calculation times and looking at specific features, while working with transects. |
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| XxY convolution | Limited acoustic data types |
Applies a 2D convolution kernel to single beam data. Specify kernel size and select from Top hat, Guassian blur (weak, moderate, strong). |
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| XxYxZ convolution | Multibeam |
Applies a 3D convolution kernel to multibeam data. Specify kernel size, ping extent and select from Top hat, Guassian blur (weak, moderate, strong). |
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| Match geometry | Limited acoustic data types |
Enables you to resample Operand 1 to the exact ping geometry (start range, stop range, number of data points) of Operand 2. See also Handling blank echograms. |
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| Match ping times | Acoustic data types |
Selects pings from the first operand in such a way as to match the times of the pings in the second operand. See also Handling blank echograms. |
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Versatile analysis operators
| Operator | Data type | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
Limited acoustic data types |
Outputs a variable where a cell's sample values are set to a nominated cell statistic calculated from the input operand. Statistics include Mean, Minimum, Maximum, Median, Percentile, Number of samples, Beam volume sum, Echo density. |
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Single targets |
Outputs a variable with samples based on a statistic calculated from each cell. Operand 1 is single target data. Operand 2 is used to provide the geometry for the output ping, but note that ping times must still match. |
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Limited acoustic data types |
Calculates an analysis variable per specified interval. Analysis variables include: ABC, Aggregation index, Area backscatter strength, Beam volume sum, Center of mass, Equivalent area, Inertia, Kurtosis, Exclude above line depth mean, Exclude below line depth mean, NASC, Proportion occupied, Skewness, Standard deviation, Sv maximum, Sv mean, Sv minimum, Thickness mean |
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Single target |
Calculates an analysis variable per specified interval. Analysis variables include:Beam volume sum, Target count, Target depth mean, Target length mean, Target range mean, Thickness mean, TS maximum, TS mean, TS minimum, Wedge volume sampled |
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Acoustic data types |
Outputs a time series of values - one measurement per ping. Values are for a selected calibration name from a list. |
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Limited Sv data types |
Outputs a times series of bottom classification feature values for a specified interval of pings. Bottom features include: Bottom hardness normalized, Bottom kurtosis, Bottom line depth mean, Bottom maximum Sv, Bottom rise time normalized, Bottom roughness normalized, Bottom skewness, First bottom length normalized, Second bottom length normalized. The classification algorithms rely suitable first and second bottom echo data. See also Bottom classification - Notes. |
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Limited multibeam data types |
Outputs a maximum intensity (single beam) echogram from multibeam data, where each sample (at range R) contains the maximum value of all the corresponding multibeam samples that are at range R. This provides a quick overview of strong returns in multibeam pings. The Maximum intensity - matrix operator does a similar thing for matrix data. |
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Limited single beam data types, including boolean |
Applies a convolution filter statistic to the single beam operand. You can specify window size, and statistics include Mean, Minimum, Maximum, Median, Percentile, Standard deviation, Variance, Mean absolute deviation, Coefficient of variation, and Kurtosis. This operator may be useful for edge detection, intermittent noise removal, and other signal processing tasks, and can support more nuanced masking or preprocessing of data before the detection of single beam schools or targets. |
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Limited multibeam data types, including boolean |
Applies a convolution filter statistic to the multibeam operand. You can specify window size, and statistics include Mean, Minimum, Maximum, Median, Percentile, Standard deviation, Variance, Mean absolute deviation, Coefficient of variation, and Kurtosis. This operator may be useful for edge detection, intermittent noise removal, and other signal processing tasks, and can support more nuanced masking or preprocessing of data before the detection of multibeam schools or targets. |
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Technique examples
- Bad data replacement
- Calibration sphere
- Cell statistic density indices
- Cell statistic - a proxy for fish density
- Towed body-mounted transducer (downward looking)
- dB difference - Absolute technique
- dB difference - Z score technique
- Masking with lines
- Multibeam target detection
- Near-field depth estimation
- Remove background noise - single beam Sv, TS
- Remove intermittent spike noise
- Remove impulse noise - single beam Sv, TS
- Remove transient noise - single beam Sv, TS
- Code operator
- Formula operator
Operator categories
- Dataflow Toolbox operator categories
- Convolution
See also
About virtual variables
Operator licensing in Echoview
About the Dataflow Toolbox
About the Dataflow window